Objective: The end plate plays an important role in maintaining the structural integrity. balancing biomechanical and supplying nutrition. how dose it changes with the reduced bone mineral density (BMD) remains unknown. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between lumbar end plate degeneration and normal BMD. https://www.roneverhart.com/Ferrofish-A32pro-32-Channel-AD-DA-Converter-with-MADI-and-ADAT-p18115/